Vaporizing oil burner



Oct. 16, 1951 W H, STRQM 2,571,629 s VAPORIZING OIL BURNER Filed NOV.28, 194'? Patented Oct. 16, 41951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE fVAPORIZING OIL BURNER 4William H. Strom, Minneapolis, Minn.

Application November 28, 1947, Serial No. 788,461

4 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners particularly adapted for spaceheaters and the like.

It is an object of my invention toprovide a novel and improved highlyeflicient oil burner adapted to completely vaporize the fuel suppliedthereto and thereafter to eiiiciently burn the same therein.

It is another object of my invention to provide an oil burner having acombustion chamber with a heat conductor mounted therein and supportedat the bottom thereof, said heat conductor being adapted to completelyvaporize the fuel oil as it is supplied to said combustion chamber at apoint adjacent said conductor.

It is a further object of my invention to provide an oil burner having acombustion chamber with tubular air inlets extending therethrough tosupply air to the central portion thereof for efficiently burning thefuel therein.

It is still a further obiect of my invention to provide a multiplecombustion chamber oil burner with a heat conductor extending throughsaid chambers and adapted to vaporize the oil as it is supplied to saidchambers to permit highly effi-A cient and complete combustion of thefuel.

These and other objects and advantages of my invention will more fullyappear from the following description made in connection with theaccompanying drawings wherein like reference characters refer to similarparts throughout the several views and in which;

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an oil burner embodying one formof my invention, said section being taken substantially along the lineI-I of Fig. 3;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantiallyalong line 2 2 of Fig. 3 and showing in detail the multiple combustionchambers of the form of my invention illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken sub- K stantially along theirregular line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

In Figs. l through 5, I illustrate one form of upwardly spaced relationfrom the bottom ex tremity of said casing Ill and disposed substantiallyhorizontally. A multiple chamber fire pot designated as an entirety bynumeral I2 is centrally mounted on said base II in fixed relationthereto. A number one combustion chamber I3 is formed at the bottom ofsaid re pot and has in the form of my invention illustrated asubstantially square cross sectional shape. The side walls of the numberone chamber I3 are disposed substantially vertically and extend upwardlyfrom the base II. A number one combustion chamber top cover I3a is xedto the top extremities of said side walls.V A second combustion chamberI4, slightly smaller in cross section than number one chamber I3 buthaving the same cross sectional shape, is fixed to the marginal portionof number one combustion chamber cover I3a and has vertically disposedside walls. A number two combustion chamber cover Ida closes the top ofthe number two combustion chamber I4. A number three combustion chamberI5 in the form of a cylinder is centrally fixed on number two combustionchamber cover Ida and extends upwardly therefrom.

The combustion chamber covers I3a and I4 have relatively largeintercommunicating apertures I3?)I and Mb centrally formed therein. Theside walls of chambers I3, I4 and I5 have a plurality of spaced air ventapertures I3c, IlIc, and Ic respectively formed therein, and the numberof these vent apertures controls the combustion of the fuel in eachchamber. The control of the air supply in the number one combustionchamber I3 is extremely critical and must be very accurately maintainedto permit efficient fuel combustion for low flames. The air supply inthe number two and number three chambers I4 and I5 respectively, is lesscritical but should still be accurately maintained to provide eicientcombustion for medium and high flames. The purpose of having multiplecombustion chambers is to permit the flame of the burner to beaccurately varied while maintaining eflicient fuel combustion at eachflame level.

Air is supplied to the central portion of combustion chamber I3 byproviding perforated open-ended air supply tubes IS. ln the form A of myinvention illustrated, two pairs of these tubes I6 are provided, onepair being disposed substantially paralle1 and extending parallel withone pair of opposed side walls, the other pair being disposed paralleland extending parallel to the other pair of opposed side walls of saidchamber I3. One pair of tubes I6 crosses the other pair of tubes I6 andis disposed thereabove. These perforated air supply tubes I6 aredisposed Ysaid well through the three combustion chambers and the so asto leave a substantially square open space at the center of the numberone combustion chamber I3.

A controlled oil supply is provided having a supply conduit I1 with thecontrol valve I8 connected in series therewith. An oil supply well I9 ismounted in the central portion of the base II and extends upwardlythrough said base to communicate with the number one combustion chamberI3, said oil supply conduit I1 being connected by suitable fittings withsaid well I5 to supply oil thereto. A drain plug 2I is provided at thebottom of said well I9.

A hollow gas generating cap 22 is centrally mounted at the bottom ofcombustion chamber I3 to overlie the oil supply well I9. This hollow cap22 forms an oil vaporizing chamber directly over the well I9. The lowerperipheral portion of the cap 22 has a plurality of peripherally spacedfuel vents 23 formed therein to permit Afuel to flow outwardlytherethrough. A heat conducting solid rod 24 is provided in form A of myinvention to supply heat to said gas generating cap 22 for vaporizingthe oil as it is supplied from I9. The rod 24 extends upwardlyrespective communicating apertures I3b and I4b. A heat exchanger jacket25 is mounted around -said re pot I2 in spaced relation thereto tocompletely enclose the same.

A-plurality of air supply inlet apertures 26 are formed through the baseplate II to communicate between the jacket 25 and the re pot I2.

These inlets 26 supply substantially all of the Icombustion air to there pot I2 which flows into -the various combustion chambers through therespective air vent apertures I3c, I 4c, and I 55o. The upper extremityof the heat exchanger jacket 25 has a large exhaust gas outlet 2l formedtherein and a stove pipe 28, with an elbow 28a, is fitted therearound.The stove pipe 28 vextends out through the casing I0 and upwardly tocommunicate with the outside air. A pivoted -idamper 29 is mounted insaid stove pipe to limit the draft within said stack thus preventingrthe draft through the stack 28 from becoming too great by supplying airfrom the room directly thereto.

An access chute 30 is xed to the outer portion of one side of the numberone combustion chamber I3 which has a cooperating opening formed at thatpoint. The access chute 30 extends outwardly through the jacket 25 andthe casing II to permit an operator to reach into the combustion chamberI3 to light the stove and a hinged door 3|, shown in Fig. 5, on saidchute 30 has a controllable damper 32.

The intercommunicating apertures I3b and I4b are large enough to permitthe gas generating cap 22 with the heat conductor rod 24 fixed thereonto be inserted downwardly therethrough and placed in the proper positionwith the inner periphery of the cap 22 surrounding the top of the wellI9.

This gas generating unit can be removed through said intercommunicatingapertures I3b and I4b and out through exhaust vent 2T by first removingthe elbow 28a, access having been provided by a hinged grill 33 in thetop of casing I0. After removal of the gas generating unit, the fire potI2 can be thoroughly cleaned out and thereafter the generating unitreplaced therein.

The operation of form A of my invention has been very satisfactory. Theheat conductor 24 slight distance thereabove and is heated to a cherryred color at the top by a medium to a high flame. This heat is carrieddownwardly through the heat conductor rod 24 to the gas generating cap22 to vaporize the oil as it ilows out of the well I 9. By completelyvaporizing the oil as it is supplied a very high degree of combustionefciency is obtained. Even with a low flame burning only in the numberone combustion chamber I3, the gas generating cap 22 is heatedsufliciently to vaporize substantially all of the oil as it flows out ofwell I9 at a relatively slow rate.

The air supply tubes I6 permit air to flow d1- rectly into the centralarea of the number one combustion chamber.

The heat exchanger jacket 25 heats the air as it enters through aplurality of registers 34 in the base plate II and in the sides of thecasing I0. The products of combustion pass up within jacket 25 and outthrough elbow 28a and stove pipe 28. The supply of air may be adjustedto some extent by the slide damper 32 on the access chute 30.

It will be seen that I have provided a highly eiicient oil burning repot for space heaters and the like, the multiple combustion chamber ofform A being particularly adapted to burn efficiently at a low flame aswell as a high flame. By supplying oil to the center portion of thebottom of the lire pot,V it is possible to maintain equal heat on allsides of said fire pot and therefore, there will be no cold areas whichwill carbon up the burners when a low llame is burning therein. TheVaporizer cap in the invention concentrates the heat at the center ofthe pot to vaporize the oil as it is supplied through said wells.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made inthe form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts withoutdeparting from the scope of my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A multiple combustion chamber oil burner comprising a fire pot havinga base, re pot Walls defining a plurality of intercommunicatingvertically stacked combustion chambers of successively smaller sizetoward the top thereof, each of said combustion chambers having aplurality of air supply inlet apertures formed in the fire pot walls anda central intercommunicating aperture formed at the top thereof, saidintercom- -rnunicating apertures being aligned, means for supplying oilto the center of said fire pot base, a hollow cap centrally mounted onsaid base to cover said central oil supply means, said cap having aplurality of fuel outlet openings therein,

and a heat conductor connected in upstanding relation to said cap andextending upwardly therefrom through said aligned intercommuni eatingapertures and said combustion chambers to be heated therein and adaptedto carry the heat downwardly to said cap for vaporizing the oil suppliedthereunder.

2.A multiple combustion chamber oil burner comprising a lire pot havinga base and a number one combustion chamber formed at the bottom thereof,the fire pot walls deningI a number two combustion chamber stacked onsaid number one vchamber' and centrally communicating therewith, and anumber three combustion chamber stacked on said number two chamber andcentrally communicating therewith, each of said chambers having anintercommunicating aperture in the top thereof, said intercommunicatingaperture being disposed in vertical alignment,

said fire pot having a plurality of air inlet apertures formed in thefire pot Walls to supply air for combustion to each of said combustionchambers, an oil supply well centrally mounted in said base, said basehaving an oil supply inlet centrally formed therein for carrying oil tosaid number one combustion chamber from said well, means for supplyingoil at a controlled rate of flow to said well, a hollow vaporizing capmounted over said oil inlet, and a heat conducting rod connected to saidcap and extending upwardly therefrom through alignedintercommunicatingapertures and said combustion chambers to carry heatdownwardly therefrom to said cap to vaporize the oil supplied throughsaid inlet, said cap having'a plurality of peripherally formed fuelvents formed therein to permit the fuel to flow outwardly into said firepot.

3. An oil burner for space heaters and the like, comprising a re pothaving a base, a source of oil supply connected to said base forsupplying oil to said fire pot, a heat conductor mounted on said basedirectly above the oil supply connection and extending upwardly throughsaid iire pot to be heated by the fuel combustion therein, said heatconductor carrying heat downwardly to vaporize the oil supplied fromsaid source, means for supplying a controlled volume of air through theperipheral portion of said fire pot, and a number of perforated airsupply tubes extending through intermediate portions of said fire potfor supplying air directly to the inside of said pot.

4. An oil burner for space heaters and the like, comprising a re pothaving a base, means for supplying oil to said base and having an oilinlet formed centrally thereof for supplying oil to said fire pot, ahollow cap mounted on said base to cover said oil inlet means and havinga number of fuel outlet openings form-ed therein, and a heat conductorconnected in upstanding relation on said cap and extending upwardlytherefrom through said lire pot to carry heat from the upper portion ofsaid pot downwardly to said cap and vaporize the oil supplied throughsaid inlet, and a plurality of perforated open-ended air supply tubesextending through intermediate portions of said re pot and out beyondthe sides thereof for supplying air directly to the inside of said firepot.

WILLIAM I-I. STROM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,627,591 Breese, Jr May 10, 19272,020,777 Gore et al Nov. 12, 1935 2,137,469 Willson Nov. 22, 19382,207,843 Wilkes et al July 16, 1940 2,272,423 Moore Feb. 10, 19422,275,002 Barr Mar. 3, 1942 2,287,346 Fishel June 23, 1942 2,304,706Pollock Dec. 8, 1942 2,395,765 Schneider Feb. 26, 1946 2,432,143 DeLancey Dec. 9, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 816,124 FranceApr. 26, 1937

